Otitis media yog ib tus kab mob ntawm txhua qhov ntawm pob ntseg. Tus kab mob yog inflammatory. Otitis media yog suav tias yog ib qho ntawm cov kabmob tshwm sim feem ntau hauv kev kho menyuam yaus. Raws li kev txheeb cais, yuav luag txhua tus menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua tsib xyoos muaj mob otitis tsawg kawg ib zaug.
Kev faib tawm ntawm otitis media
Muaj peb hom kev tshaj tawm otitis, nyob ntawm qhov chaw nyob ntawm o:
- Otitis sab nraud.
- Otitis media.
- Mob pob qij txha lossis sab hauv otitis.
Feem ntau, ib daim duab raug pom tias thaum pib ntawm tus menyuam muaj mob otitis externa. Tab sis raws li tau los ntawm kev kho tsis raug lossis tsis raug, kab mob otitis dhau mus rau hauv nruab nrab pob ntseg. Yog tias tsis kho, qhov mob yuav kis mus rau sab pob ntseg sab hauv.
Otitis externa yog mob sab nraud ntawm sab nraud ntawm pob ntseg pob ntseg thiab auricle ntawm tus menyuam. Cov kws kho mob faib cov nqaij otitis externa ua ob pawg: thaum cov txheej txheem mob ntawm pob ntseg sab nraud tau pom thoob plaws hauv tag nrho cov chav kawm ntawm tus kab mob, nws yog diffuse, thiab thaum qhov mob o nyob hauv ib qho chaw uas qhov tsim ntawm rwj yog pom, nws yog luag.
Kab mob otitis yog hom kev tshaj tawm ntawm otitis feem ntau yog menyuam yaus. Hauv cov menyuam mos hnub nyoog qis dua 1 xyoos, ntawm txhua yam mob otitis, mob ntawm pob ntseg hauv nruab nrab yog kuaj hauv 90%. Los ntawm cov xwm txheej ntawm tus kab mob, otitis media tuaj yeem mob ntev, mob nrawm lossis rov tshwm sim dua. Tsis tas li, muaj ob hom mob otitis media: purulent thiab catarrhal. Thaum txoj kev loj hlob ntawm otitis media hauv menyuam yaus, tsib theem ntawm tus kabmob tshwm sim:
- Mob o ntawm lub raj tshuaj - eustachitis. Kev nce siab hauv menyuam yaus lub cev kub tuaj yeem tsuas yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev kis mob. Muaj kev tsis txaus siab ntawm lub siab xav li cas thiab lub suab hauv pob ntseg.
- Kev mob ntawm cov nqaij mos ntawm cov pob ntseg hauv nruab nrab - catarrhal o. Tus menyuam yaus mob pob ntseg zoo rau hauv pob ntseg txhaws. Lub siab ntawm suab nrov thiab congestion nce.
- Lub pre-perforative theem ntawm pob ntseg o ntawm ib tug purulent cim. Nyob rau theem no, tus me nyuam muaj kev hnov mob hnyav tshaj plaws. Lawv tuaj yeem muab qhov mob rau hauv lub qhov muag, lub puab tsaig, caj dab, hniav. Lub cev kub tuaj yeem nce mus rau 38-39 ° C. Raws li kev soj ntsuam ntshav, cov kev kuaj mob tshwm sim.
- Postperforative theem ntawm o. Muaj qhov tso tawm paug tawm los ntawm pob ntseg pob ntseg raws li qhov tshwm sim los ntawm lub ntsej muag paug (perforation). Nyob rau theem no, qhov mob ntawm tus neeg mob txo qis, tab sis kev kho dua tshiab ntawm kev hnov lus tseem tsis tau ua. Qhov kub no feem ntau rov zoo li qub.
Lub caij nyoog mob ntawm otitis media tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb pawg:
- Purulent otitis media.
- Exudative otitis media.
- Adhesive otitis media.
Mob hauv pob ntseg sab hauv tuaj yeem mob siab los yog mob ntev, ib ncig hauv ib cheeb tsam, lossis diffuse. Qhov mob nws tus kheej tuaj yeem yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm nws daim ntawv: serous, necrotic, lossis purulent.
Nws yog ua tau kom faib tawm otitis media los ntawm ntau. Muaj cov kab mob otitis uas tsis suav, thaum tsuas muaj ib lub pob ntseg mob, lossis ob sab hauv otitis media, thaum tus neeg mob yws cov tsos mob hauv ob lub pob ntseg.
Dab tsi yog qhov ua rau muaj tus mob otitis nyob rau hauv cov menyuam?
Otitis media hauv menyuam yaus, nyob ntawm tus txheej txheem tshwm sim, tau muab faib ua peb hom:
- Ua xua.
- Kev poob plig.
- Kis tau.
Yog hais tias otitis media hauv ib tus neeg laus muaj tsawg heev, tom qab ntawd hauv menyuam yaus nws yog tus kabmob uas muaj ntau. Qhov no yog vim tus qauv tshwj xeeb ntawm Eustachian tube. Hauv cov menyuam yaus, lub ntsej muag pob ntseg tau xyaum tsis muaj khoov. Nrog nws txoj kab ntev dua, nws muaj qhov dav dua. Hauv cov laus, Eustachian tube pauv thiab zoo li tsis txawv. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm no, cov hnoos qeev tsim nyob rau hauv txoj hlab ntaws tuaj yeem nkag mus rau lub pob ntseg tau yooj yim thiab ua rau lub siab hloov pauv mus rau sab hauv lub ntsej muag vim yog qhov ua tsis taus pa. Hauv qhov no, qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus txheej txheem inflammatory yog pom.
Kev tsim ntawm otitis externa feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov txheej txheem kev tu cev tsis huv. Vim yog qhov ua txhaum ntawm kev ncaj ncees ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub pob ntseg thiab qhov ingress ntawm kev kis mus rau hauv lub qhov txhab, mob ntawm auricle tshwm sim. Otitis externa tuaj yeem ua rau npau taws txawm tias los ntawm txhuam zoo tib yam nrog ib tus txhuam txhav. Cov mob ntawm sab nraud ntawm pob ntseg pob ntseg tau tuaj yeem yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm ingress thiab stagnation ntawm dej tom qab cov txheej txheem dej thiab ua luam dej hauv pas dej.
Hauv menyuam yaus thiab tus neeg laus, cov kab mob otitis tuaj yeem tsim kho rau ntau yam. Feem ntau yog cov ua xua uas ua rau o ntawm lub caj pas, mob los ntawm kev raug mob hauv pob ntseg, thiab mob hauv qhov ntswg. Cov lus tsis zoo tib yam, uas tsis kho mob hauv lub sijhawm, tuaj yeem yooj yim ua rau otitis media. Kuj, vim li cas rau kev tsim cov ntaub ntawv otitis tuaj yeem yog:
- Mob ntsws mob ntsws ntev, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, lossis rhinitis.
- Hypothermia ntawm lub cev.
- Tonsil kev loj hlob thiab mob ntev adenoiditis.
- Kev tiv thaiv kab mob tsawg zuj zus vim tias muaj qee yam kabmob (AIDS, kab mob ntshav siab, rickets, txo qis hemoglobin hauv cov ntshav, cov ntshav tsis txaus).
Qhov pib ntawm otitis media feem ntau yog qhov teeb meem tom qab tsis yog los yog kho tsis tau ntawm otitis externa lossis otitis media. Tab sis cov tsos mob ntawm otitis media sab hauv vim kev raug mob lossis kis kab mob hauv lub cev kuj yog tus yam ntxwv. Hauv ob kis, kev kis tau nkag mus rau sab hauv pob ntseg los ntawm cov ntshav lossis cov phiaj pob zeb.
Cov tsos mob ntawm otitis sab nraud ntawm cov menyuam yaus
Txhua yam ntawm otitis media hauv tus menyuam nws muaj nws cov tsos mob. Otitis externa hauv menyuam yaus yog kuaj pom los ntawm qhov muaj qhov tawm ntawm qhov o ntawm auricle. Tus menyuam tuaj yeem yws yws txog nws khaus thiab mob. Thiab cov niam txiv yuav pom tias pob ntseg liab. Yog koj ntsuas qhov kub thiab txias, feem ntau nws yuav tsub kom siab ntxiv. Thaum menyuam yaus qhib nws lub qhov ncauj lossis sim zom, qhov mob tsuas muaj mob zuj zus. Qhov nce ntawm mob yog tseem pom thaum rub ntawm lub auricle.
Cov kws kho mob cais ob hom kev tshaj tawm ntawm sab nraud otitis: diffuse thiab raug txwv.
Nrog tus mob otitis media tshaj tawm hauv ib tus menyuam yaus, lub pob ntseg pob ntseg tau mob. Feem ntau, hlwv tshwm rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm pob ntseg. Yog hais tias qhov ua rau ntawm otitis media yog fungus, tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem pom daim tawv tev ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm pob ntseg. Ib qho ntxiv, tus menyuam yuav khaus heev heev.
Qhov kev nthuav dav ntawm qhov tsis txaus sab nraud otitis tsuas yog tus yam ntxwv tsuas yog tias mob ntawm cov sebaceous caj pas lossis cov plaub hau cov plaub hau tshwm sim nyob rau sab hauv cov kav dej lossis pob ntseg Tom qab liab, lub plhu tshwm rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov nce ntxiv ntawm cov qog ntshav hauv qab lub auricle yog pom tau. Cov mob tsuas yog txo qis dua tom qab npau npau. Nyob rau hauv tsis muaj ib yam yuav tsum tau koj tho qhov hem tus kheej. Yog li, koj tsuas tuaj yeem ua rau txaus ntshai qhov xwm txheej. Tom qab tag nrho cov kua paug ploj mus, ib qho kev nyuaj me me ntxiv, uas tom qab ntawd yuav kho kom zoo.
Cov tsos mob ntawm otitis media hauv cov menyuam yaus
Catarrhal otitis media muaj cov tsos mob nram qab no:
- Ua rau pom kev qaug zog thiab nkees.
- Tus menyuam tau pw tsis tsaug zog. Thaum lub sijhawm waking, nws yog capricious thiab tsis noj mov zoo.
- Tus me nyuam yws yws ntawm pob ntseg, uas tuaj yeem tawm suab, nrov thiab tua. Yog hais tias mob otitis yog xav paub hauv cov menyuam mos, ces koj tuaj yeem nias lub pob ntseg pob ntseg. Yog hais tias tus menyuam teb nrog ib qho kev nplawm thiab npaj siab txav ntawm tus ntiv tes, feem ntau nws yuav muaj kab mob otitis.
- Qhov kub tuaj yeem nce siab txog li 40 ° C.
- Kev tsis hnov lus zoo, qhov hnov ntawm tinnitus.
- Qee zaum tus me nyuam yuav muaj lub rooj xoob xoob los yog raws plab.
Yog tias koj tsis pib kho mob raws sijhawm, tom qab ntawd hauv ib hnub catarrhal daim ntawv ntawm otitis media tuaj yeem hloov mus ua purulent. Cov kab mob pathogenic hlav nrawm rau hauv pob ntseg exudate. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub ntsej muag ua paug ntawm otitis media yog mob thiab mob hnyav hauv pob ntseg thiab zoo nkaus li muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb. Qhov mob yuav ua rau muaj zog, ntau dua qhov lub zog ntawm daim tawv ncauj. Yog tias qhov perforation ntawm lub tympanic membrane tshwm sim sab hauv pob ntseg, ces qhov kev xav ntawm qhov mob ploj zuj zus.
Qhov mob otitis tshaj tawm muaj cov txheej txheem qeeb. Cov kua dej uas tau sau hauv lub pob ntseg tsis yog purulent. Nws tuaj yeem dhau los ntawm ntau lub lis piam mus rau ntau lub hlis.
Daim ntawv uas mob ua paug ntawm otitis yog pom ua ntu zus ntawm pob ntseg hauv pob ntseg. Perforation ntawm lub tympanic membrane tsis kho rau ntev heev. Tus me nyuam yws yws ntawm pob ntseg thiab tsis hnov lus.
Cov tsos mob ntawm labyrinthitis nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam
Mob hauv pob ntseg sab hauv yog mob thiab mob ntev. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob otitis muaj xws li ua suab nrov hauv pob ntseg pob ntseg, hnov pob ntseg, kiv taub hau thiab tsis txaus, xeev siab thiab ntuav. Tsis tas li, tus neeg mob daim tawv xim ntawm lub ntsej muag hloov. Yog hais tias otitis media yog ntawm cov muaj mob ntau, tom qab 14-21 hnub cov tsos mob ploj thiab hnov lus rov zoo. Yog hais tias lub labyrinthitis muaj lub cim purulent, ces qhov ua rau lub pob ntseg tau mob tas li.
Yog hais tias lub labyrinthitis tau tig mus ua mob ntev, tom qab ntawd tus neeg mob tuaj yeem soj ntsuam qhov cim ntawm lub nrig, qhov kev ua txhaum ntawm qhov ua haujlwm kom raug ntawm sab hauv pob ntseg, sab hauv kiv taub hau thiab xeev siab. Ntawm tag nrho cov tsos mob uas tau teev tseg, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog daim phiaj fistular lossis tshwm sim nystagmus rau mob pob ntseg. Nws tshwm sim los ntawm qhov ua kom tuab thiab tsis tshua muaj huab cua nyob hauv pob ntseg yog qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tsim ntawm lub fistula.
Yuav kho cov otitis media hauv menyuam yaus li cas?
Kev kho mob ntawm otitis media yuav tsum tsim nyog los ntawm kev saib xyuas ntawm tus kws kho mob. Kev noj tshuaj rau tus kheej tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij.
Otitis externa tuaj yeem kho nyob hauv tsev. Txog thaum lub rwj npau thiab muaj daim ntawv qog, tsuas yog haus dej cawv thiab haus tshuaj kom zoo. Tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem qhib lub rhaub ntawm nws tus kheej. Yog li ntawd, cov kab noj hniav tau hnia thiab ntxuav nrog chlorhexidine, miramistin lossis lwm yam tshuaj tua kab mob. Tom qab ntawd ib daim ntaub qhwv nrog tshuaj pleev yog thov, uas yuav xav tau hloov tsis tu ncua. Yog tias tus menyuam kub taub hau lossis mob cov qog ntshav, ces tus kws kho mob yuav muab cov tshuaj tua kab mob rau.
Yog hais tias otitis media tsim los ntawm kev tiv thaiv cov kab mob fungal, tom qab ntawd cov tshuaj antimycotic rau kev siv sab nraud thiab sab hauv yog tshuaj.
Otitis media kuj tseem kho tau ntau nyob hauv tsev. Yog tias qhov ua rau mob otitis yog ua xua, tom qab ntawd cov tshuaj antihistamines siv. Yog hais tias otitis media yog kis, ces siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Nyob rau hauv qhov muaj qhov ntsuas tau nce siab, tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau muab cov tshuaj antipyretic.
Muaj qee kis, rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog dhau ob xyoos, cov kws kho mob siv cov kev cia siab nrog kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kev puas hlwb. Ua raws li tsis hais meej los yog ob sab otitis media, kev tawm dag zog ua haujlwm ntawm ib lossis ob lub pob ntseg.
Yog hais tias tus neeg mob tau mob hnyav thiab daim ntawv purulent ntawm otitis media, tom qab ntawd phais kev cuam tshuam rau cov tshuaj pleev ib ce ntawm lub tympanic membrane yog tau.
Kev kho mob ntawm labyrinthitis yog nqa tawm tsuas yog hauv tsev kho mob. Yog tias koj tsis mus rau hauv lub tsev kho mob nyob rau lub sijhawm thiab kho tus menyuam nrog tshuaj kho neeg mob, ces tus menyuam yuav poob lossis tsis hnov lus zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub hlwb yuav ua rau tsis zoo thiab kev hloov ntawm tus kabmob mus rau mob rau daim npluag qhwv lossis sepsis.
