Daim ntawv cog lus qub hais tias "tom tsev kawm koj yuav raug qhia kom nyeem thiab sau ntawv" yog ib yam ntawm lub sijhawm ntev dhau los. Cov tsev kawm ntawv niaj hnub no xav tau kev npaj txaus los ntawm menyuam yaus - ob qho kev xav hauv lub hlwb, lub hlwb thiab lub cev. Thiab qhov tseeb, txawm tias ua ntej kawm ntawv, tus menyuam yuav tsum kawm nyeem thiab sau. Tab sis twb nyob rau theem no, qee zaum nyuaj tshwm sim cuam tshuam nrog xws li ua txhaum cai raws li dysgraphia.
Dab tsi yog dysgraphia thiab yuav ua li cas paub nws
Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau cov niam txiv ntseeg hais tias ib tug menyuam yeej tsis paub sau cov lus kom raug. Feem ntau, ntau tus niam txiv muaj kev coj txawv txawv rau lawv tus menyuam. Thaum tus menyuam thov kev pabcuam thiab nws hais tias nws tsis tuaj yeem daws, lawv teb: "Kuv tau kawm hauv tsev kawm ntev dhau los, kuv tsis nco qab dab tsi" thiab qhov zoo tshaj plaws lawv ntiav tus kws qhia ntawv rau nws, thiab qhov phem tshaj lawv tsuas tsis quav ntsej teeb meem. Ntawm qhov tod tes, lawv cem cov menyuam nrog qhov tseeb tias "nws yog kev txaj muag tsis paub qhov kev nyuaj yog muaj!". Tab sis kev cov nyom kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim.
Yog tias, txawm hais tias nws mob siab thiab ua tiav txhua cov ntawv ua tom tsev, tus menyuam tsis tuaj yeem sau ntawv kom raug, tsis meej pem cov tsiaj ntawv, suab lus, cov lus, tsis paub yuav ua li cas thiaj li tsim kho kab lus, tsis txawv ntawm kev nkag siab txog lus, ces feem ntau nws cuam tshuam los ntawm dysgraphia Cov.
Dysgraphia yog tus neeg tsis muaj peev xwm los paub cov kev txawj ntawm kev sau ntawv. Feem ntau feem ntau nws tau ua ke nrog dyslexia - lub cev tsis nyeem, tab sis qee kis, cov kev cuam tshuam no tuaj yeem raug cais tshwj xeeb.
Dysgraphia tsis yog kab mob, tab sis nws tuaj yeem ua ntau yam teeb meem tsis yog hauv tsev kawm ntawv, tab sis kuj nyob hauv lub neej.
Rau qee qhov laj thawj, tus kws kho mob hais lus thiab cov kws npliag siab feem ntau mloog zoo rau cov suab lus phob vog, uas yog, cov kev ua yuam kev uas tsis cuam tshuam kev tso suab thiab hais tsis raug ntawm lub suab thiab tsab ntawv hais txog nws. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ob peb hom ntawm dysgraphia yuam kev.
1. Cov xwm txheej yuam kev nrog qhov tsis muaj ntawm kev tsim lub suab lus thiab cov kev xav hnov - cov no yog qhov yuam kev tshaj plaws. Ntawd yog, yog tias ib tug menyuam yaus sau lo lus "pa luam yeeb" hloov lo lus "tsev", yog tias nws pheej hla cov tsiaj ntawv ("tareka"), yog tias nws sib xyaw cov suab lus thiab cov tsiaj ntawv ("onko" hloov "window"), yog tias nws ntxiv cov suab lus ntxiv rau lo lus los yog tso tawm uas tsim nyog, cuam tshuam cov lus, muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv kev ua kom cov suab vauv, cov no yog qhov yuam kev cuam tshuam nrog kev hnov.
2. Cov kev ua yuam kev cuam tshuam nrog kev tsim tsis zoo ntawm cov qauv kev hais lus thiab lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus: tus menyuam tsis pom zoo rau lwm cov lus ("tus ntxhais zoo nkauj"), tsis raug teeb tsa kev tswj hwm ntawm cov lus ("mus rau hauv txoj kev" hloov "mus" rau txoj hauv kev "), hloov cov lus nrog cov zoo sib xws, tsis meej pem ua ntej thiab prepositions, hla cov lus hauv kab lus.
3. Qhov thib peb hom ntawm kev ua yuam kev yog qhov yuam kev txuam nrog ua kom pom tseeb ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv. Tus me nyuam tsis meej pem cov tsiaj ntawv zoo sib xws - "b" thiab "b", "w" thiab "u", sau cov tsiaj ntawv hauv daim iav (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum nws pib sau hauv cov ntawv loj), thiab lwm yam.
Thaum twg, li cas thiab pib pib
Ntau cov ntawv sau thiab cov phau ntawv tau sau txog yuav ua li cas nrog dysgraphia, tab sis yuav luag txhua ntawm lawv, vim qee qhov, kov ntawm qhov teeb meem ntau nqaim dua. Piv txwv li, lawv feem ntau tsom rau kev kho cov dysgraphia ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv thiab cov kawm preschool. Koj tuaj yeem pom ntau cov tswv yim zoo sib xws thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab nrog rau kev ua haujlwm. Tab sis nws tshwm sim uas niam txiv txiav txim siab daws qhov teeb meem no lig, piv txwv li, thaum tus me nyuam twb kawm qib peb lossis qib plaub lawm. Thiab ntawm no txoj haujlwm ua haujlwm nyuaj los ntawm qhov tseeb tias ob peb xyoo tus menyuam hauv chav kawm tau tswj hwm los muab ntau yam lus thiab ntau lub ntsiab lus los ntawm cov ceg ntawm kev sib txawv lus, thiab nws tau txais tsis meej pem thiab "ntab" hauv lawv. Nws yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov nyuaj rau cov menyuam yaus uas, kev txom nyem los ntawm dysgraphia, kev kawm raws li kev qhia ntawv ntawm cov haujlwm muaj ntau ntxiv, piv txwv, raws li Elkonin-Davydov txoj haujlwm. Feem ntau, teeb meem nrog rau lus Lavxias yog sau ua kev tub nkeeg, ob tus kws qhia ntawv thiab niam txiv tau ua kom muaj kev ntxhov siab rau tus menyuam, vim li ntawd, tus menyuam yuav tsis lees paub qhov kev kawm no kiag, thiab nws yuav tsis kawm sau ntawv kom raug.
Yog li ua li cas yog tias koj pom daim phiaj xwm ntawm dysgraphia lossis dyslexia hauv koj tus menyuam?
1. Yuav tsum xav txog koj tus menyuam. Yog tias nws muaj kev qeeb ntawm kev hais lus, yog tias nws hais tias lub suab tsis zoo, yog tias nws nyuam qhuav pib nyeem thiab sau ntawv, tab sis tsis tuaj yeem tiv taus, nco ntsoov hu rau tus kws kho mob hais lus thiab kws kho mob hlwb kom pab tswv yim. Zoo dua los daws cov teeb meem no ua ntej kawm ntawv. Nyob hauv tsev, koj tuaj yeem kawm nrog koj tus menyuam siv cov nkauj tshwj xeeb nrog cov haujlwm uas ntxim nyiam uas yooj yim mus nrhiav ntawm kev muag.
2. Yog tias tus menyuam nyuam qhuav pib kawm ntawv, thiab koj pom tias nws tawm tsam tsis tau nrog lub khoos kas Lavxias, yog tias nws tsis muab haujlwm rau tom tsev thiab hauv chav kawm, tseem yuav tsum hu rau tus kws kho mob hais lus thiab kws kho mob hlwb. Los ntawm txoj kev, nug lwm tus niam txiv hais tias Lavxias lus zoo npaum li cas muab rau cov menyuam cov chav kawm - yog tias txhua tus muaj teeb meem, feem ntau, nws tsis yog teeb meem ntawm kev loj hlob tsis zoo, tab sis tus xibfwb.
4. Yog tias koj txiav txim siab daws qhov teeb meem thaum tus me nyuam twb dhau qib thib peb lossis qib plaub lossis tom qab ntawd, ces nws yuav nyuaj rau koj. Yuav pib nrog, xaiv kev txhawb nqa thiab kev pom zoo ntawm tus menyuam - nws tus kheej yuav tsum paub tias nws muaj teeb meem, tab sis yog tias koj tawm tsam lawv, ces nws yuav ua tiav. Feem ntau, cov menyuam yaus tau yuam kev vim lawv ntshai ua qhov tsis raug, lawv xav tias lawv tus kheej tsis tuaj yeem ua qhov yog - tus kws kho lub siab ntsws xav thiab tus cwj pwm ntawm niam txiv yuav pab ntawm no.
Koj tuaj yeem sim ntiav cov kws qhia ntawv, tab sis sim nrhiav ib tus neeg uas twb paub dhau los ua haujlwm nrog cov menyuam no, lossis ib tus neeg npaj tau txav mus deb ntawm lawv txoj kev kawm ib txwm muaj thiab siv sijhawm me ntsis ntxiv los ua haujlwm nrog koj tus menyuam. Txij li thaum tus menyuam, feem ntau yuav ua tiav, muaj qhov tsis meej ntawm lub tswv yim thiab cov ntsiab lus hauv nws lub taub hau, nws tsis tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm cov lus hais los ntawm cov tswv cuab ntawm kab lus, suab lus los ntawm cov suab, thiab cov suab los ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv, nws yuav tsum ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab ke ntawm. lus. Ua haujlwm nrog koj tus kws qhia lossis tus kws qhia ntawv los tsim cov haujlwm yooj yim, xws li ib qho hauv daim duab. Ua haujlwm thoob plaws ntu lus txawv ntawm lwm cov lus thiab qhia koj tus menyuam tias lawv sib txheeb li cas. Nco ntsoov tias koj tus menyuam nyeem ntau dua thiab rov nyeem dua cov ntawv rau koj. Thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, tsis txhob hnov qab piav qhia rau tus kws qhia ntawv tias tus menyuam muaj teeb meem uas nws tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv nws tus kheej, yog li rau qee lub sijhawm koj yuav tsum tsis txhob nug nws ntau npaum li lwm tus.
Ua zoo ib yam thiab siv zog tawm tsam kev tawm tsam dysgraphia, enlist kev txhawb nqa ntawm cov kws tshaj lij, kawm cov ntawv nyeem tshwj xeeb - thiab cov txiaj ntsig yuav tsis muaj nyob ntev.
