Kev xaiv ntawm cov ntawv nyeem ntawm cov menyuam yaus kev xav tau nyob ntawm? leej twg yog tus nyeem ntawv - niam txiv lossis tus kws qhia ntawv, ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus menyuam, nrog rau cov menyuam cov chav kawm uas yuav tsum tau ua nrog - nrog kev loj hlob ib txwm lossis nrog ib qho kev tsis taus ntawm kev loj hlob. Tab sis muaj cov phau ntawv zoo txog kev xav ntawm cov menyuam yaus uas txhua tus yuav tsum nyeem.
Ntaub ntawv rau niam txiv
Tsis hais leej twg xaiv cov ntawv nyeem - tus kws qhia ntawv lossis niam txiv, nws yog ib qho muaj txiaj ntsig pib nrog cov chav kawm ntawm kev qhia thiab kev siab ntsws - L. S. Vygotsky, A. N. Leontiev, M. Montessori.
Lev Semenovich Vygotsky, tus kws tshaj lij Soviet lub hlwb, tau tsim txoj kev xav-keeb kwm kev xav hauv lub siab ntsws.
Cov haujlwm ntawm cov kws npliag siab zoo li no yuav pab tau txhua tus.
Alexander Nikolaevich Leontiev yog ib tug psychologist Soviet, lub tswv yim thiab kws qhia. Nws ua tiav cov teeb meem ntawm kev xav txog dav dav (nco, saib xyuas, tus xeeb ceem, thiab lwm yam). Tus kws kho mob Pedagogical Sciences. Ib tug ntawm cov thawj coj ntawm Kharkov Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv Puas Siab Ntsws
Tsis tas li, cov niam txiv yuav tsum nyeem Janusz Korczak cov haujlwm (piv txwv li "Yuav Hlub Me Nyuam Li Cas"), "Sib Txuas Nrog Ib Tug Menyuam." Yuav ua li cas? " Julia Gippenreiter, "Niam Niam Txoj Kev Hlub" thiab "Tus Tuav Ntawm Niam Txoj Kev Hlub" los ntawm Anatoly Nekrsov, "Kev Kawm Raws Li Tej Kev Tseeb" los ntawm Ray Burke thiab Ron Herron, "Yuav ua li cas Tsa Tus Me Nyuam Zoo Siab" los ntawm Jean Ledloff, Françoise Dolto "Nyob rau Sab Ntawm Tus Menyuam "thiab" Ntawm Sab Ntawm Cov Hluas ".
Maria Montessori yog tus kws kho mob Italian, kws qhia ntawv, kws kho siab ntsws, kws tshawb fawb, kws paub txog. Nws tau pom qhov txawv los ntawm txoj haujlwm siab ntawm tib neeg.
Janusz Korczak yog ib tug kws sau keeb kwm Polish, kws qhia ntawv, kws kho mob. Thaum lub sijhawm txoj haujlwm ntawm Poland los ntawm Nazi lub teb chaws Yelemees, Korczak heroically tau tawm tsam rau lub neej ntawm menyuam yaus hauv Warsaw ghetto; tuag nyob rau hauv cov chav roj nrog rau 200 ntawm nws cov menyuam kawm ntawv.
Cov hauj lwm ntawm Nikitin tsev neeg thiab Belgian niam Cecile Lupan yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev xav txog menyuam yaus thiab kev paub txog lub hlwb.
Cov ntawv tshwj xeeb
Rau cov niam txiv muaj kev paub txog menyuam yaus kev xiam hlwb, phau ntawv qhia txog kev kho lub suab lus dab neeg los ntawm Tatyana Zinkovich-Evstegneeva ("Fundamentals of Fairy Tale Therapy", "Rhiav ntawm Fairy Tale Therapy" thiab "Path to Magic"), Dmitry Sokolov "Patchwork lossis Zen-style psychotherapy "yuav muaj kev txaus siab. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog tau siv los kho kev kho xuab zeb raws li phau ntawv ntawm Khomenko "Xuab zeb Khawv koob", Bolshebratskaya "Kev Kho Sand".
Ntawm qhov kev xav tau zoo yog cov phau ntawv "Kev Loj Hlob ntawm Tus Me Nyuam Tus Kheej", uas tus naj npawb ntawm tus sau tau ua haujlwm. Phau ntawv no muab cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb rau kev ua niam ua txiv. Zazhigina phau ntawv “Dab tsi uas cov niam txiv yuav tsum tsis txhob ua, tab sis lawv ua dab tsi” kuj muab cov lus qhia pom zoo.
Nws yog tsim nyog nyeem phau ntawv "Cov Me Nyuam nrog Kev Cuam Tshuam" los ntawm Peter Sutmari, sau rau hauv cov txuj ci zoo nkauj. Ntxiv mus, nws yuav yog qhov kev txaus siab tsis yog rau cov niam txiv ntawm cov menyuam tshwj xeeb nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj yuav ua rau lub dav dav hauv cov neeg nyeem.
