Lub sijhawm ya los, thiab sai sai no koj tus menyuam yuav hnav ib lub ris-tsho, coj lub hnab ev ntawv thiab mus kawm ntawv kom paub. Rau qee tus menyuam yaus, qhov no yog qhov tshwm sim ntev thiab muaj kev zoo siab, tab sis rau lwm tus nws yog qhov kev sim. Tabsis vim li cas tus menyuam thiaj tsis kam mus kawm ntawv?
Coob tus neeg laus nco ntsoov nrog txoj kev sov siab tias lawv npaj mus kawm ntawv li cas: lawv xaiv khaub ncaws tsis muaj hnav, hnav ntsej muag thiab lwm yam ntxiv ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm yav tom ntej. Raws li cov menyuam yaus, lawv tau tos rau lub sijhawm tam sim no, vim hais tias dhau los ua ib tus menyuam kawm ntawv txhais tau hais tias lawv tau hloov mus rau lwm qib, dhau los ua neeg paub tab thiab hnyav dua. Niaj hnub no, ntau cov menyuam yaus uas muaj 6-7 xyoo xav mus kawm ntawv, tab sis ntau thiab ntau tus menyuam yaus tau pom leej twg raug cais tawm tsam lossis ntshai ntawm qhov pib ntawm qhov kev tshwm sim.
Vim li cas tus menyuam tsis xav mus kawm ntawv?
Txhawm rau pab koj tus menyuam npaj mus kawm ntawv thiab txhawb nws txoj kev kawm, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab txog qhov laj thawj ntawm tus menyuam qhov tsis xav mus kawm ntawv. Cov laj thawj tseem ceeb muaj xws li:
- Tsim los ntawm niam txiv ntawm tus yam ntxwv tsis zoo rau lub tsev kawm ntawv hauv ib tug menyuam. Tsis yog, qhov no tsis txhais tau tias niam txiv niaj hnub qhia lawv cov me nyuam tias lub tsev kawm ntawv tsis zoo npaum li cas. Tab sis lawv tuaj yeem ua nws yam tsis nco qab, piv txwv li, yog tias tus me nyuam tab tom npaj qeeb, cov niam txiv qhia nws: "Tab sis tsis muaj leej twg yuav tos koj ntawm tsev kawm!" Lossis, yog tias tus menyuam tsis zoo, nws tau hais tias: "Hauv tsev kawm ntawv koj yuav rau txim rau qhov no tiag tiag" lossis "Tus kws qhia ntawv yuav tsis zam lub siab rau koj thiab yuav tso koj tam sim ntawd." Yog li, tus menyuam muaj tus yam ntxwv coj zoo rau lub tsev kawm ntawv uas yog qhov chaw nws yuav raug txim tas li. Leej twg xav mus rau qhov chaw zoo li no?
- Tsim los ntawm cov niam txiv ntawm tus cwj pwm zoo rau tsev kawm ntawv ua qhov chaw uas tus menyuam yuav ua tsis tiav. Qhov peculiarity ntawm tus kheej tus kheej ntawm cov menyuam hauv lub hnub nyoog preschool yog qhov lawv ntseeg tias lawv tuaj yeem ua txhua yam thiab lawv "lub hauv caug-tob". Thaum menyuam yaus dhau los ua menyuam kawm ntawv, qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm tus kheej tshwm sim, txij thaum tsev kawm ntawv tau txais tus cim, nws pib piv rau nws tus kheej nrog lwm tus. Tab sis kev hloov pauv ntawm tus menyuam qhov kev xav txog nws tus kheej yuav tshwm sim ntxov dua, lub sijhawm nws npaj mus kawm ntawv. Yog tias tus menyuam yaus tsis ua tiav qee yam, ces cov laus feem ntau hais cov lus: "Thiab yuav ua li cas koj mus rau tom tsev kawm ntawv yog tias koj tsis tuaj yeem ua dab tsi?", "Nrog txoj kev vam meej ntawd, koj yuav tau txais ob qho cim hauv tsev kawm ntawv xwb!" lossis "Nrog rau kev vam meej hauv tsev kawm koj yuav yog tus tub ntxhais kawm uas phem tshaj plaws!" Lawm, tus me nyuam tus kheej kev poob qis, thiab nws tsis xav kom mus rau qhov chaw nws yuav ua qhov phem tshaj.
- Qhov feem cuam ntawm cov menyuam hlob. Yog tias tus menyuam hlob dhau los muaj kev nyuaj rau kev kawm, thiab niam txiv tau ua phem rau nws rau qib tsis zoo nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm tus yau, tom qab ntawv tom ntej yuav tau txais kev xav tias tib txoj hmoo tau tos nws. Ntxiv rau, tus menyuam hlob dua tuaj yeem sib qhia nrog cov menyuam yau nws qhov nyuaj ntawm kev kawm hauv tsev kawm ntawv, qhia dab tsi ntawm cov kws ua phem thiab cov kws qhia tsis zoo, cov neeg kawm ua haujlwm tsis paub thiab, feem ntau, "tsev kawm ntawv nqus".
- Kev npaj nquag dhau. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 6-7 xyoo, ntau tus niam txiv pib npaj kev txawj ntse npaj lawv tus menyuam rau tsev kawm ntawv. Cov chav kawm preschooler, cov lus qhia txawv teb chaws, nyeem ntawv nrawm, lej puas siab puas ntsws, ntxiv rau cov voj voog thiab ntu rau kev tsim kho kom muaj kev sib raug zoo, thiab tus me nyuam nkees nkees heev vim qhov kev xav tias tsev kawm ntawv yuav ntxiv rau txhua yam no ua rau nws poob siab thiab tu siab.
- Tus menyuam nyob nws lub tsev zoo thiab. Qee tus niam txiv tau hais txog qhov tsim lub "vaj kaj siab" rau tus menyuam sab hauv lub tsev uas tus menyuam tsis xav tawm nws. Tom qab tag nrho, lawv hlub nws hauv tsev, muab khoom ua si rau nws, mloog zoo, tiv thaiv nws los ntawm ntau yam kev nyuaj, zam txim rau txhua tus txiv neej, ua tiav txhua whims, thiab sab nraum ntawm "lub vaj kaj siab" nws yuav tau ua raws li tsev kawm ntawv cov cai, ua raws ib qho nruj tus kws qhia ntawv, kawm cuam tshuam nrog cov phooj ywg hauv chav kawm, uas yog, tiag tiag "ntuj txiag teb tsaus". Rau cov menyuam yaus "nyiam" no, kev yoog mus rau tsev kawm ntawv feem ntau yog qhov nyuaj thiab mob heev, thiab kev kawm tsis tau zoo yog feem ntau pom.
Yuav ua li cas txhawb tus me nyuam mus kawm ntawv?
Muaj ntau cov lus pom zoo uas yuav ua rau cov niam txiv daws qhov kev ntshai ntawm tsev kawm ntawv, ua lub ntsej muag zoo rau nws thiab txhawb lawv mus kawm ntawv:
- Hais txog tsev kawm ntawv - tsuas yog qhov zoo. Tsis txhob tham txog tsev kawm hauv qhov tsis zoo, tsis txhob hem tus menyuam. Koj tuaj yeem qhia koj tus menyuam txog koj qhov kev paub dhau los thiab qhov kev paub zoo ntawm lub tsev kawm, tham txog thawj lub Cuaj Hli mus li cas, thawj tus xibfwb yog leej twg. Nws raug nquahu kom qhia ob peb zaj dab neeg txaus luag heev ntawm lub neej kev kawm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, txhua yam yuav tsum suab li ntseeg tau li sai tau.
- Nyeem cov phau ntawv hais txog tsev kawm ntawv nrog koj tus menyuam, saib duab tas luav (tshwj xeeb hauv qhov no, kev kos duab hauv Soviet tau zoo), kawm cov cai ntawm kev coj cwj pwm hauv tsev kawm ntawv, yuav muaj cov chav kawm li cas, koj tuaj yeem coj li cas hauv chav kawm. Ntau tus menyuam paub, qhov tsis meej pem uas ua rau nws ntshai.
- Ua si tsev kawm ntawv: cia nws ua tus tub ntxhais kawm ntawv, tus kws qhia. Koj tuaj yeem sau cov ntaub ntawv sau txog: dab tsi muaj txiaj ntsig hauv tsev kawm thiab qhov tsis yog.
- Ib qho zoo tshaj plaws yog yuav mus xyuas lub tsev kawm uas nws yuav kawm nrog tus menyuam, qhia nws rau tus kws qhia ntawv, thiab qhia nws hauv chav kawm uas cov lus qhia yuav coj los ua.
- Sim npaj kev koom tes ntawm tus menyuam ntau li ntau tau thaum npaj nyob rau hauv tsev kawm. Cia nws xaiv lub hnab ev ntawv, xaum ntawv, teeb khaub ncaws, phau ntawv npog, cwj mem, xaum thiab lwm yam ntawv sau.
- Yuav kom nco qab ntau dua tias tsev kawm ntawv yog theem tseem ceeb, kev ua ib tus tub ntxhais kawm ntawv yog qhov zoo thiab tsim txiaj, tias thaum pib mus kawm ntawv, menyuam yaus dhau los ua neeg paub tab thiab ntse dua.
- Tsis txhob sib piv tus me nyuam nrog rau lwm cov me nyuam muaj hnub nyoog tib yam: “Dasha twb suav txhua yam, tab sis koj suav tsis tau 3 + 2”. Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 6-7 xyoo txhim kho tsis xwm yeem, thiab rau ib tus neeg nws txaus pom ib zaug thiaj li paub dhau los, thaum qee tus neeg xav tau sijhawm ntau dua. Yog li, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb rau qhuas tus menyuam rau qhov nws ua tiav, txhawb nws kom kawm ntxiv: “Ua ntej koj tuaj yeem nyeem cov suab lus, tab sis tam sim no koj nyeem yuav luag zoo li neeg laus. Ua tau zoo, uas koj tab tom sim, ua kom zoo! ".
Yog tias koj tsis ua rau cov xwm txheej hnyav, nyob rau lub sijhawm kom paub qhov laj thawj ntawm tus menyuam tsis kam mus kawm ntawv thiab nqis tes ua, tom qab ntawd nws yuav yooj yim rau nws kom yoog tom tsev kawm ntawv thiab pib ua tiav txoj haujlwm tau zoo. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias yav tom ntej kev vam meej ntawm tus menyuam feem ntau yog nyob ntawm niam txiv, nrog rau lawv txoj kev txhawb nqa thiab kev ntseeg hauv nws lub zog.
